ʻO ka porcelain keʻokeʻo ka porcelain kuʻuna o ka lāhui Han. Ma muli o kona kaulana, ʻike ʻia ka porcelain keʻokeʻo i ka hanohano a he ākea ka hoʻohana ʻana.
Ua hana mua ʻia a puhi ʻia ma mua o ka Hikina Han moʻokūʻauhau, mai ke kiln porcelain hina a keʻokeʻo kaulana ʻo Xing kiln ma ka mōʻī Tang Dynasty a i ka porcelain keʻokeʻo ʻo Ding kiln a me Ru kiln i ka mua o ka Northern Song Dynasty. ʻO ka porcelain keʻokeʻo o ka Yuan Dynasty he uliuli i ke keʻokeʻo, a ʻike ʻia ka porcelain keʻokeʻo retrogressive. Ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ke kiʻi kumu o ka porcelain keʻokeʻo i ka Ming Dynasty.
ʻO ka piko o ka porcelain keʻokeʻo ʻo Ru kiln i ka Northern Song Dynasty. He keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo ʻo Ru kiln. He 100 manawa keokeo o kona pepa porcelain alii e like me ka porcelain keokeo maa, he mea makamae loa. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi nā kānaka i ka nalowale o kāna hana; ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻāpana Ru kiln inā he ʻohana nui kāu. No kona keʻokeʻo, manaʻo nā ʻāina ʻē ʻo ia wale nō ka ʻelele o [Keʻokeʻo Kina]. ʻO ka porcelain keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o ia; ʻAʻole hiki i ka ʻikepili kiʻi ke hōʻike i kona keʻokeʻo.
ʻO ka porcelain keʻokeʻo nō hoʻi ka porcelain kumu no ka pena a me ke kī ʻana i ka porcelain kala. ʻO ia ka porcelain kumu maikaʻi loa o lalo a hope no ka porcelain ʻelima waihoʻoluʻu, porcelain uliuli a keʻokeʻo a me ka porcelain kala dou. Hōʻike ka porcelain keʻokeʻo i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Loaʻa iā ia ka nui o ke kī ʻana a me ka māhele mākeke ma waena o nā ʻano porcelain āpau.
Introduction to white porcelain:
Wehewehe]: ʻAʻohe a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka kala i loko o ka glaze. Kau ʻia ke kino ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ke aniani, a puhi ʻia ia i loko o ke kiln e ka wela wela.
He moʻolelo lōʻihi ko Kina porcelain a he ʻano ākea. Ma waho aʻe o ka hanohano a me ka nani uliuli a me ke keʻokeʻo a me ka porcelain kala. ʻO ka porcelain keʻokeʻo nani kekahi ʻano punahele o nā kānaka. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ia he mau hiʻohiʻona waihoʻoluʻu a me nā kala ʻālohilohi, hōʻike ia i ka poʻe i ka nani maoli i kona maʻalahi.
ʻO ka porcelain keʻokeʻo maʻamau e pili ana i ka porcelain me ke kino keʻokeʻo a me ka aniani aniani ma ka ʻili. Nui nā ʻāpana keʻokeʻo ʻo Tang Dynasty ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Shanghai. He nani loa kēia mau porcelain keʻokeʻo o ka mōʻī Tang. Holoi ʻia ka lepo maʻemaʻe, ʻuʻuku nā mea haumia, maikaʻi loa ke kino, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke keʻokeʻo. Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana o kahi ʻāpana o ka aniani aniani, keʻokeʻo loa ke kala i ʻike ʻia. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻo Lu Yu, ka sage kī, i ka porcelain keʻokeʻo o ka Xing kiln o ka mōʻī Tang ma ke ʻano he papa kiʻekiʻe ma ka "Book of Tea", a wehewehe ʻo ia i kona kino keʻokeʻo e like me ka hau a me ke kālā.
Loaʻa iā ia nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kino paʻa a māmā, ke ahi ahi kiʻekiʻe o ka glazing a me ka ceramic, ʻaʻohe wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, kani mālie a me nā mele lōʻihi. Ma muli o kona keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, hiki iā ia ke hōʻike i ke kala o ke kī sopa, ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wela maʻalahi a me ka hana insulation thermal, a me kona kala kala a me nā ʻano like ʻole, hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka waiwai o nā ipu inu kī.
E like me ka wā kahiko o ka mōʻī Tang, ʻo nā ipu porcelain keʻokeʻo i hana ʻia e Xingyao ma ka ʻāina ʻo Hebei "ua loaʻa i ke ao holoʻokoʻa". Ua kākau pū ʻo Bai Juyi i nā mele e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i nā kīʻaha kī keʻokeʻo i hana ʻia ma Dayi, Sichuan. I ka moʻokūʻauhau Yuan, kūʻai ʻia nā kīʻaha kīʻaha keʻokeʻo ma Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province. I kēia mau lā, ʻoi aku ka hōʻoluʻolu o nā kīʻaha kī porcelain keʻokeʻo. He kūpono kēia kī kī keʻokeʻo no nā ʻano kī a pau. Eia kekahi, nani ke ʻano o ka porcelain tea set a nani hoʻi i ka hoʻonaninani. Ua pena nui ʻia kona pā i waho me nā mauna a me nā muliwai, nā pua a me nā mea kanu o nā kau ʻehā, nā manu a me nā holoholona, nā moʻolelo kanaka, a i hoʻonani ʻia me ka calligraphy kaulana, ʻo ia hoʻi ka waiwai mahalo nui, no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia.
